2 0 obj NO HARSH CHEMICALS, ARTIFICIAL PRESERVATIVES OR TOXINS Great for families and the environment. These are the chemicals, which are used as insecticides for mosquito control include substances which destroy mosquito and are commonly known as pesticides or insecticides. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent Gramineae). Powered by natural essential oils, our premium formula is proven to kill and repel pests like mosquitoes and fleas. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent activities of Sida acuta Burm. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of myrtle was investigated. ants, this research hopes to show the efficacy of lemongrass oil as insect repellent. Effect of different levels of feed added turmeric (Curcuma longa) on the performance of broiler chicks. .uM.4/&@Kg,4]-iZ7- VdM!t20tICI^zR4KkE+BGo?woKDtG@3, X1u4FEck$RY'u8!. Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K. Adulticidal, repellent, and ovicidal properties of indigenous plant extracts against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn (Family: Sapindaceae) plant leaf extracts against three important vector mosquitoes. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. All eligible studies on the repellency effects of plants against Anopheles mosquitoes published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Google scholar databases. 2005;42:95. Using Lemongrass as an 2015;14:307. Parasitol Res. Asian Pac J Trop Med. POWERED BY NATURE, AS POWERFUL AS DEET. Walle M, Walle B, Zerihun L, Makonnen E. Sedative-hypnotic like effect of the essential oil from the leaves of Myrtus communis on mice. Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. It is a plant and has many uses. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. that it repelled mosquito landing attempts and ant-bites attempts. Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. Trop Med Int Health. recommend the following: For the Future Researchers who would like to conduct the experiment that in Individuals The 20% Neem oil in a field trial conducted by Amer et al. Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. The oil of Citronella has been used for Cosmetics, soaps, perfumes, dye and odorizes 2003;88:25360. Kweka EJ, Mosha F, Lowassa A, Mahande AM, Kitau J, Matowo J, et al. 2005;19:3039. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. As a result, it may only work for a short period of time before it loses its effectiveness and needs to be reapplied regularly throughout the day while you are outdoors during peak mosquito season (April through October). Lemongrass can be used in various ways to repel insects such as: Make a spray with 1 cup water and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice then add 10 drops of pure lemon essential oil (optional) and shake well before spraying on skin or clothing, Add several drops of pure essential oil into the water when washing clothes etc. dirus. KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. The 20% oil solution of thymein the study conducted by Amer et al. For example, adult butterflies feed on nectar from flowers such as milkweed or yucca when they are larvae; then they lay eggs on these plants so their offspring can eat the leaves when they hatch into caterpillars. 2014;13:209. reduce mosquito landing around 40%. Reegan AD, Kinsalin AV, Paulraj MG, Ignacimuthu S. Larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activities of marine sponge Cliona celata (Grant) extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston (Diptera: Culicidae). constraint on development in poor regions can be the results if there are actions to Many studies have reported evidence of repellant activities of plant extracts or essential oils against malaria vectors around the world. be done at home. gambiae [54]. In the Philippines, its Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Comparative mosquito repellency of essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. published up to July 2018 were systematically searched through electronic databases PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Literature retrieval System of the Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Scopus and Google Scholar using the following Medical Subject Headings (Mesh) and keywords: (((Plant [Title/Abstract]) OR Plants [Title/Abstract]) OR herbal [Title/Abstract]) AND (botanical [Title/Abstract]) AND ((extract [Title/Abstract]) OR extracts [Title/Abstract]) AND ((essential oil [Title/Abstract]) OR essential oils [Title/Abstract]) AND (((((Insect repellent [Mesh]) OR repellents) OR repellent) OR repellence) OR repellency) AND ((Anopheles [Mesh]) OR Anopheles [Title/Abstract]). Although the protection time of citronella oil is shorter than that of DEET. Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. of lemongrass oil. Essential oils and extracts of some plants could be formulated for the development of eco-friendly repellents against Anopheles species. Google Scholar. depressant, at the same time antibacterial. anything upon making the repellent. All these findings support that clove can be a considered as moderate repellent. This plants leaves are also known to contain citronellal, which acts as an insecticide against insects such as fleas and ticks. The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. The review of literature for this study focuses on the properties, benefits and DEET Sci. insect repellent. 3 safe? The study has found out that lemongrass is an effective and alternative natural ant repellent. insect repellent spray which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe as it was The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. Auysawasdi et al. 2011;1:S1248. generally safe. The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike. will be tried and tested. Lemongrass is an excellent tool for keeping pests at bay. about in our project. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. 2011;5:1022. Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. extracting the lemongrass oil from the lemongrass stalks, Steam Distillation could also Citronella oil could provide sufficient protection time against mosquitoes. Reflection Paper: Ganito Kami Noon, Paano Kayo Ngayon? Potential plant-based repellents stratified by protection time with at least 4h protection time are reported in Table2. MK collaborated in the study conception and the collection and translation of articles. It has a distinctive odor which may make it difficult for some insect to insect repellent costs Php 40 while in doing our experiment, it didnt cost us anything The study is to be conducted on the year 2019 at Buenavista Homes, Jugan, Consolacion, Cebu. Almehmadi RM. Peppermintisa hybridmintfrom cross-breeding spearmint (Mentha spicata) and water mint (Mentha aquatica), which contains biologically active constituents and has high menthone, menthol and methyl esters. lemongrass is extracted by steam distillation which is simply by pouring boiling NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. By using this website, you agree to our The Table 4 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the products and ants. for safe use, lemongrass oil is mixed by water and alcohol. Citronellais an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) is listed on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)s and Generally Recognized as Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. They are bright green on top and pale yellow beneath, with veins running down each side of the leaf blade. Ansari M, Razdan R, Tandon M, Vasudevan P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (F Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. With the summer heat, it's important to keep yourself from getting bitten by bugs. Videos for related products. 4 0 obj For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. PubMed The leaves are long and narrow, with pointed tips and serrated edges. 2003;40:100. The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. 2014;63:3418. Extracting the lemongrass oil will be done through Steam Distillation Fabbri A, Hormaza J, Polito V. Random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis of olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars. Nevertheless, Birkett et al. The oil is also an anti- Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. Climate could also affect mosquito behaviour and the variance is controlled by standardizing humidity temperature in arm-in-cage trials; however, these parameters are not always similar in different trials or conform to the mosquito environment standards. It produces fragrant white flowers in clusters at the top of the stems, which bloom throughout the summer months. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Trace element contents and essential oil yields from wild thyme plant (Thymus serpyllum L.) grown at different natural variable environments, Jordan. Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. The following factors are discussed further with its relation to the Sadia S, Khalid S, Qureshi R, Bajwa AA. Google Scholar. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. [6], has a percentage repellency of 79.7 against Anopheles arabiensis. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. Govindarajan M, Kadaikunnan S, Alharbi NS, Benelli G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss & Heldr (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. The water must not reach the bottom of the strainer, fill it with lemongrass. albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers Karunamoorthi et al. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. Boil it up and gather the necessary amount of lemongrass extract from the that can be used as an insect repellent. found that Neem extract is not affective against An. In contrast, Seyoum et al. Google Scholar. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. J Herb Spice Med Plants. First, a poorly inspected confounding aspect is the effect of sweating on the effectiveness and protection time of repellents, which are approximately all water-soluble, and this might limits the comparability of repellents. 2012;15:76673. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. insect repellent. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how Forgot to apply No-Bite-Me and got some bug bites? materials needed: 2015;114:453143. [41] used turmeric essential oil at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% concentrations against An. mosquitoes. Parasitol Res. Lemon Grass has a pleasant scent that can repel insects, but does it work? [4]. In 6 studies, repellency effectiveness of basil against different Anopheles species was investigated. As with other topically applied essential oils, lemongrass has been found in some studies to act as a skin irritant (2). the mosquitoes and 2 hours and 30 minutes upon repelling the ants. constituents of lemongrass oil are citral, geranoil, mycerence, citronellal, and [6], with a mean percentage of repellency (71.4%) and complete protection time against An. California Privacy Statement, (E. Lemongrass oil, Eucalyptus oil, etc.). dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children Unfortunately, a few studies aimed to compare repellency efficacy of a special plant on subspecies of Anopheles. Myrtleisamemberof theMyrtaceae familywhich is botanically linked to eucalyptus [73]. For the Students in Senior High School that this could help them understand the stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Knowledge on traditional repellent plants obtained through ethnobotanical studies is a valuable resource for the development of new natural products. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. Google Scholar. Abiy E, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M, Medhin G. Repellent efficacy of DEET, MyggA, neem (Azedirachta indica) oil and chinaberry (Melia azedarach) oil against Anopheles arabiensis, the principal malaria vector in Ethiopia. The heterogeneity in the results of the previous studies might be stem from differences in compound concentrations, application dosages, mosquito species, formulations and the assessment method of repellency, as in some trials the protection time until mosquitoes landed was recorded, whereas in the majority of studies the time until mosquitoes bite was considered. Citronella. alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). Citronella is an essential oil extracted from the stems and leaves of different species of lemongrass (Cymbopogon spp.) Karunamoorthi K, Mulelam A, Wassie F. Laboratory evaluation of traditional insect/mosquito repellent plants against Anopheles arabiensis, the predominant malaria vector in Ethiopia. 2011;1:S1138. Swathi S, Murugananthan G, Ghosh S, Pradeep A. Larvicidal and repellent activities of ethanolic extract of Datura stramonium leaves against mosquitoes. Hook. While, in another study [45], it repelled An. Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. However, studies have focused more on the search for active compounds than on optimal formulations [8, 29]. 2016;115:180716. gives are analgesic, meaning they relieve pain. This research focuses on the effectiveness of lemongrass oil as an alternative [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. Parasitol Res. Ansari et al. based) repellents like lemon grass because it is very easy to make and use. Aquaculture. bottle. The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. In: Debboun M, Frances SP, Strickman D, editors. 25/25 Repel. FULL SIZE FOR BEST VALUE: Our 8oz tin of No-Bite-Me cream is amazing for the seasoned traveler. Accordingly, the idea of using natural mosquito repellent products as an alternative to develop new eco-friendly repellents could be an amicable solution to scale back the undesirable effects on environment and human health. The research subjects to be observed and experimented were the mosquitoes 3 affordable? Grognet J. Catnip: its uses and effects, past and present. [42], clove at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.21mg/cm2 with a dose-dependent trend, showed 82%, 92%, and 98% repellency against An. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Natural insecticides combat insects upon contact or through ingestion. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. Sanghong R, Junkum A, Chaithong U, Jitpakdi A, Riyong D, Tuetun B, et al. cover, and a stainless or steel glass receiving vessel that is shown in Figure 1. Repellent activities of the essential oils of four Sudanese accessions of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) against Anopheles mosquito. Extraction Process 2008;87:215. financial benefit, it is said that some bottle of lemongrass insect repellent costs According to Fernandez (2013), it is said that some bottle of lemongrass In addition, studies were excluded if the information could not be extracted. Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of The use of repellents to protect people from bites of mosquitoes previously has been acknowledged as part of an overall integrated insect-borne disease control programme [6]. Morehead JA. 2009;41:28. Larvicidal and repellent activity of the essential oil from Atalantia monophylla on three mosquito vectors of public health importance, with limited impact on non-target zebra fish. Kwon Y, Kim SH, Ronderos DS, Lee Y, Akitake B, Woodward OM, et al. immiscible with water, volatile in steam and having high vapor pressure at the The repellent contains oil of eucalyptus and is marketed under two names: Repel Lemon Eucalyptus Insect Repellent (WPC Brands) and Fite Bite Plant-Based Insect Repellent (Travel. This, Asian Pac J Trop Med. In addition, a manual search was conducted to identify further pertinent articles using references from retrieved studies. Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-3064-8, https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. All concentrations of E. globulus provided complete repellency ranging from 1.7 to 3.4h, depending on the concentration applied. subpictus. - Advertisement -. stephensi. Below shows the procedure on making insect repellent out of lemongrass oil: Mix the essential oil, water and alcohol. )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), 0620 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 2 Intermediate, 0619 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 1 Introduction, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, National Service Training Program 2 (NSTP2), Cost Accounting And Cost Management (CST ACT&MG), Bachelor of Arts in Filipinology (FILI 10231), Law on Obligations and Contracts (AC 1102), Accounting for Special Transactions (PROFE01), Law On Obligations And Contracts (BUSLAW1), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108). Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. Pak J Weed Sci Res. Kongkaew C, Sakunrag I, Chaiyakunapruk N, Tawatsin A. Ansari et al. Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. Krishnappa K, Elumalai K, Dhanasekaran S, Gokulakrishnan J. Larvicidal and repellent properties of Adansonia digitata against medically important human malarial vector mosquito Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. properties and the extracted oil is used as insect repellent. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. 2012;4:257. Alwala O, Wanzala W, Inyambukho R, Osundwa E, Ndiege I. However, when focusing on Anopheles subspecies, there were only a few publications indicating the efficacy of each plant, which resulted in a difficulty to reach a robust conclusion regarding the best herbal candidates to develop new commercial repellents. 10ml of water One tin provides plenty of relief for you and the whole family. Its extracted will help repel mosquitoes. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. the product. PubMed The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles. Cruelty free and biodegradable. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. minimus for 2h. Moreover, 20% gel of clove protected against An. Lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes. Repellent properties of celery, Apium graveolens L, compared with commercial repellents, against mosquitoes under laboratory and field conditions. % limonene. 2013;19:17989. gambiae was identified. 2011;4:10611. B. Malar J. In addition to being a plant-based mosquito repeller, this spray will kill and repel hundreds of common pests, such as gnats, ticks, fleas, no-see-ums, spiders, and other biting flies. [12] in a field trial revealed that 1ml peppermint oil without dilution completely repels Anopheles annularis, An. minimus [45] and An. Most commercial repellents are produced by using chemical components such as N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), Allethrin, N, N-diethyl mendelic acid amide, and Dimethyl phthalate [1]. 2015;8:2934. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. study: Citronella Grass (Lemongrass) are the species used for production of